We know: the measure of things there is a standard, also in clinical medicine for the disease type and severity of the judge also exists a standard that is called "diagnostic criteria." Here we take a look at what the relevant renal failure diagnostic criteria?
What renal failure diagnostic criteria is it? What are the performance usually clinically it?
● complexion yellowed: The most common early symptoms of renal failure is due to renal anemia incurred due to anemia caused by attacks and because of this performance to start very slowly, so not too short a period of time does not render obvious The "contrast" as it is difficult to find in the morning and evening to meet various changes slowly expand the same.
● sleepiness, fatigue: The most common early symptoms of kidney failure, which may be an early manifestation, but the most likely to be ignored, because the cause sleepiness, fatigue reason indeed too much. Especially those in their careers "full fight", most people put the blame on the work of panic and fatigue.
● edema: the most intuitive of the most common symptoms of early symptoms of kidney failure is a relatively easy to find this phenomenon. Because the kidneys can not eliminate excess water in the body and lead to fluid retention in the body tissue gap, only early in the ankle and eyelid edema, disappeared after the break, when expanded if persistent or generalized edema that already carry the disease is not light.
● loss of appetite: The most common early symptoms of kidney failure due to high serum creatinine, leading to accumulation of toxins in the body can not excrete digestive function disorders, loss of appetite. Expand until the condition would render the abdomen Fullness discomfort, nausea, vomiting, pulpy mass that will increase or stool frequency, this time, the disease has been heavy, which is often an important reason patients had medical treatment.
● Hypertension Symptoms: The most common early symptoms of kidney failure will show symptoms of hypertension. Because kidney natriuresis, drainage function, renal damage when the body will attack the accumulation of sodium and water, in addition, at this time the kidneys secrete substances increase blood pressure. If the difference between hypertension prone to cause clotting mechanism coupled with nasal or gum bleeding, to attract attention.
● urine change: the symptoms of the most common early symptoms of kidney failure due to kidney function loss incurred due to the kidney filtration function decline, some patients with the disease will gradually reduce the amount of urine pause. Even normal urine, since urine eliminate toxins that reduce the quality of land, it can not waste too much from the body, so to some extent on the amount of urine your kidneys do not function well explain the good and bad.
What renal failure diagnostic criteria is it? Laboratory examination, what does?
(A) Urine: with primary disease and there are different trap differences. The common denominator is:
① reduce urine osmolality, much less in 450mOsm per kilogram, the weight low, more or less at 1.018, severe fixed between 1.010 ~ 1.012, when the concentrate is diluted for urine test is greater than the day nocturnal urine output, urine specific gravity each time were more than 1.020, the highest and lowest specific gravity is less than 0.008;
② decreased urine output, more than 1000ml or less a day;
③ increased urinary protein excretion, glomerular late because the vast majority have been destroyed, however, reduced urinary protein;
④ urinary sediment, may have varying amounts of red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells and granular casts, waxy casts the most sense.
(B) blood: hemoglobin and red blood cell count decreased, hematocrit and reticulocyte count reduction, some patients reduce blood cells of three lines.
(C) Biochemical tests: reduction in plasma albumin, low blood calcium, phosphorus increased, blood potassium and sodium with the disease.
(Iv) of the renal function tests: the indicators are diminished.
(V) imaging examination: B ultrasound showed renal shrinkage, renal cortical echogenicity; radionuclide renal dynamic developing shows glomerular filtration rate and renal excretion dysfunction; radionuclide bone scan showed renal osteodystrophy bad sign; chest X-ray shows pulmonary congestion or pulmonary edema, increased cardiothoracic ratio or pericardial effusion, pleural effusion.
(6) Other: X-ray KUB and angiography, isotope renography, renal scan, kidney biopsy, etc., to help diagnose the cause.
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