What is chronic renal failure (cell therapy) stage

What is chronic renal failure stage? For some people who suffer from kidney failure, it is necessary to find out what this disease is divided into stages. Because understanding of these, you can make the case to detect renal failure patients, in order to better grasp the disease, so treatment becomes more smoothly.

1, decompensated renal function: This is the first time stage renal failure, normal glomerular filtration rate of 120 ml per minute. This reduction of glomerular filtration rate to 30-60 ml / min, reducing renal units from about 20% -25%. Despite the loss of renal reserve capacity at this time, but for the excretion of metabolites, regulation of water, electrolyte and acid-base balance is still good, so no special clinical manifestations, blood urea nitrogen muscle enzymes are usually normal or mildly elevated sometimes.

2, azotemia: glomerular filtration rate in this period was reduced to 25 ml / min, reducing by 50% -70% of renal units, renal dysfunction and concentrated, there nocturia or polyuria, varying degrees of anemia, often There azotemia, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen increased. Clinically fatigue, loss of appetite, mild nausea and general discomfort. This neglect of renal function, such as additional load protection or organism, such as severe vomiting, diarrhea, caused by hypovolemia, severe infection and the use of nephrotoxic drugs, etc., can cause rapid kidney function decline and failure.

3, renal function of renal failure (uremia preliminary): In the case of this period, it is necessary to look at everyone. This stage of the disease is a renal, glomerular filtration rate is generally reduced to 10-15 ml per minute, reduction in nephron about 70% -90%, severely impaired renal function, can not maintain the metabolism of the body and water and electrolyte and acid-base balance. Impossible to maintain a stable internal environment, resulting in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen increased significantly, diluted urine concentration dysfunction, acidosis, sodium retention, low calcium, high phosphorus, potassium and other balance disorders performance. It may have significant anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite. You may also have neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as fatigue, lack of concentration, lack of energy and so on.

4, uremia: Under normal circumstances, patients arriving during this period, there will be the glomerular filtration rate decreased to 10 ml per minute -15 ml or less, more than 90% reduction in renal units, this period is chronic renal failure Late symptoms of renal failure more evident above, the performance of multiple organ failure, such as the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, cardiovascular, hematopoietic system, respiratory system, skin and metabolic system imbalance. Clinically manifested as nausea, vomiting, irritability, increased blood pressure, palpitation, chest tightness, not supine, breathing difficulties, severe anemia, convulsions, coma and severe, often hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, high blood phosphorus disease. This need to rely on dialysis to sustain life. Often due to hyperkalemia, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, heart failure and sudden death.

So, what are we in the clear stage renal failure, we should also know that patients with these different periods, the most important difference is that different degrees of kidney damage.


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