What is the diagnosis of renal failure?

What renal failure diagnosis? Under normal circumstances, you want timely discovery of the disease renal failure, patients will need to discover through timely diagnosis. Therefore, do not understand this knowledge, we need to look at, it is necessary, after all, this disease will develop, and the development of late is uremia.

First, the medical history and symptoms, it is renal failure diagnosis essential. Past history of more than a variety of glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, hypertension, diabetes and gout disease. Early often anorexia, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue and nocturnal enuresis, the gradual emergence of oliguria, edema or high blood pressure. Most patients mouth odor, mouth ulcers, nasal bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding, may have difficult to focus attention, unresponsive, numbness, drowsiness or agitation, anxiety and other neuropsychiatric symptoms, severe incontinence and even coma. Chest tightness, shortness of breath, precordial discomfort, suggesting concurrent uremic cardiomyopathy, cough, expectoration, or hemoptysis, night can not be supine, suggesting pulmonary edema or uremic pneumonia. Few patients chest tightness, persistent chest pain, or with varying degrees of fever, which may be pericardial effusion. Such as skin itching, pain or muscle twitching, or even walking inconvenience, suggesting concurrent secondary hyperparathyroidism or renal osteodystrophy. Patients prone to suffer from various infections such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections or skin infections. Renal Failure

Second, laboratory tests, for this examination is able to accurately detect whether we suffer from renal failure disease. The first is the urine. Decreased urine specific gravity or fixed, urinary protein positive, there are varying degrees of hematuria and casts. Followed by blood. Reduction of hemoglobin and red blood cell count, hematocrit and reticulocyte count reduction, some patients reduce blood cells of three lines. Finally, the biochemical tests. GFR50 ~ 80ml / min, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine normal renal insufficiency decompensated. GFR50 ~ 20ml / min, serum creatinine 186 ~ 442μmol / L, urea nitrogen than 7.1mmol / L, renal insufficiency decompensated. GFR20 ~ 10ml / min, serum creatinine 451 ~ 707μmol / L, urea nitrogen 17.9 ~ 28.6mmol / L to renal failure. GFR less than 10ml / min, serum creatinine greater than 707μmol / L, urea nitrogen 28.6mmol / L or more, end-stage renal failure. Renal failure, often accompanied by low calcium hyperphosphataemia, metabolic acidosis.

Fourth, we want to diagnose the disease renal failure, in addition to the above detection, we need to carry out imaging examination. B ultrasound showed renal shrinkage, echogenic renal cortex. Radionuclide renal dynamic developing shows glomerular filtration rate and renal excretion dysfunction. Radionuclide bone scan showed symptoms of renal osteodystrophy. Chest X-ray shows pulmonary congestion or pulmonary edema, increased cardiothoracic ratio or pericardial effusion, pleural effusion.

Thus, by the above detailed description, for renal failure that how to diagnose the disease, surely we have a new understanding.


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